A.   
Vocabulary:  Explain significance and add dates.

1.     
Martin Luther & his Ninety-five Theses

2.     
Indulgences

3.     
Emperor Charles V

4.     
Henry VIII of England

5.     
John Calvin & Predestination

6.     
The Council of Trent

7.     
Jesuits and Ignatius Loyala

8.     
Capitalism vs. Mercantilism

9.     
30 Years War

10. 
Peace of Westphalia, 1648

B.    
Important Maps (NOTES SUGGESTED, NOT REQUIRED)

Map 20.1 Europe in the 16^th Century

Map 20.2 16^th Century Reformation

Map 20.4 Peace of Westphalia

Map 20.5 Globalization of W. Christianity

C.   
Important Dates (Fill in the event):

11. 
 1517

12. 
 1529

13. 
 1545

14. 
 1562-1594

15. 
 1588

16. 
 1598

17. 
 1618-48

D.   
Focus Questions:

18. 
 Why did Martin Luther challenge the authority of the Catholic Church?  Why did a revolt result and not a reform movement from within?

19. 
Explain Calvinism.  Why was it different than Lutheranism?

20. 
Explain the English Reformation.  Why did Henry VIII do what he did and what happened?

21. 
How did the Catholic church respond?  What new Catholic sects developed and what did they change or seek to do?  Why were the popes and the Habsburg rulers unable to crush Protestantism?  (What events happened and why?)

22. 
What circumstances led to the globalization of Western Europe?  What economic and social changes resulted?

E.    
i.  SYNTHESIS:  Trace the development of Christian beliefs during the Reformation.  What happened to religious authority as Christianity divided?  Give examples of different denominations (divisions) and how they reflected that change.

ii. SYNTHESIS:  Explain the 30 Years War and the complicated religious/political situation of Europe.  Why were so many people killed and Germany ruined for such a complicated conflict?  If you were the Holy Roman Emperor or one of his opponents, like Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, what would you do when presented with these problems?  Would you fight/ why?

Chapter 23: Textbook: pgs. 556-580

A.   
Vocabulary:  Explain significance and add dates.

23. 
King Alfonso

24. 
Triangular Trade

25. 
Middle Passage

26. 
African Diaspora

27. 
Songhai Empire

28. 
Kanem-Bornu

B.    
Important Maps

Map 23/1: 15^th century African Connections

Map 23.3: The Atlantic Slave Trade

23.3: W. Africa and the Guinea Coast, 1500-1800

23.5 E. Africa Commerce

C.   
Important Dates

29. 
1300s:

30. 
1468-1473:

31. 
1570s

32. 
1591

D.   
Focus Questions:

33. 
How did the Atlantic slave trade originate?  Why did Europeans use slaves from Africa to work their sugar plantations?  How did it differ from African/Muslim slavery?

34. 
What were the impacts of slavery on W. Africa, C. Africa, and E. Africa?  Why the different regional impacts?  (Discuss the fall of African kingdoms like Songhai and Kanem-Bornu)

35. 
What effect did the triangular trade on global wealth?  What were the benefits/detriments to Europeans/Africans on this changed economy?

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